FDM-102Weather & environment

In-flight icing encounter candidate

Temperature, anti-ice state, speed, drag, and aircraft-performance changes indicate possible exposure to icing conditions.

6Signal groups
4Flight phases
6Safety topics
12Reading links

What the profile screens for

Temperature, anti-ice state, speed, drag, and aircraft-performance changes indicate possible exposure to icing conditions.

Why it matters

Ice accretion can change lift, drag, stall margin, sensor reliability, engine performance, and handling qualities.

Flight-phase contextClimbCruiseDescentApproach
Risk lensesAircraft upset / loss of controlTerrain collision / CFITOperational procedure deviation

Build the event around relationships—not one number.

01 · Gate

Define the operating context

Identify the climb / cruise / descent / approach state, aircraft configuration, location, and any required external data before applying logic.

02 · Detect

Screen the signal relationship

Use validated combinations of total air temperature, anti-ice status, airspeed; avoid treating one isolated value as the whole event.

03 · Validate

Confirm it is a genuine event

Check polarity, units, source, recording rate, dropouts, air/ground logic, persistence, and false-positive mechanisms.

04 · Contextualise

Connect data to the safety question

Review procedures, reports, weather, airport and traffic context, exposure, recurrence, and the strength of the related barriers.

Recorded signals that may help explain the event.

total air temperatureanti-ice statusairspeedangle of attackengine thrustvertical speed

Questions before conclusions

  1. Q1

    Are total air temperature, anti-ice status, airspeed valid, correctly decoded, time-aligned, and sampled well enough for this event?

  2. Q2

    What changed immediately before, during, and after the in-flight icing encounter candidate indication?

  3. Q3

    How do aircraft configuration, weather, airport geometry, automation state, and crew reports change the interpretation?

  4. Q4

    Which current flight manual, SOP, maintenance, or operator event definition controls the final conclusion?

Safety topics that broaden the event review.

Topic atlas3 operational connections
Deep briefs3 detailed research guides

12 useful starting points

Terminology and topic relationships select these links; the publisher source remains authoritative.

No copied report filesSearch all related records →
U.S. Federal Aviation AdministrationDirect terminology match

SAFO 10006 — In-Flight Icing Operations and Training Recommendations

Official U.S. Federal Aviation Administration material indexed for weather and human factors. Open the publisher source for the complete document, scope, and current status.

Open official source
U.S. Federal Aviation AdministrationDirect terminology match

SAFO 06016 — In-Flight Icing, Turbo Propeller Powered Airplanes

Official U.S. Federal Aviation Administration material indexed for weather. Open the publisher source for the complete document, scope, and current status.

Open official source
BoeingRelated safety-topic match

Statistical Summary of Commercial Jet Airplane Accidents, 1959–2024

Boeing's 56th annual statistical summary organizes commercial-jet accident data using stated definitions and the CAST/ICAO occurrence taxonomy.

Open official source
International Air Transport AssociationRelated safety-topic match

IATA Annual Safety Report — 2024

IATA's 61st annual report provides an interactive, method-defined view of commercial aviation accident performance and contributing-factor classifications.

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Airbus Safety FirstRelated safety-topic match

Airbus Crosswind Development and Certification

Official Airbus Safety First material indexed for aviation safety. Open the publisher source for the complete document, scope, and current status.

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Airbus Safety FirstRelated safety-topic match

Near CFIT event during Non Precision Approach

Official Airbus Safety First material indexed for approach and landing. Open the publisher source for the complete document, scope, and current status.

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Airbus Safety FirstRelated safety-topic match

Radio Altimeter erroneous values

Official Airbus Safety First material indexed for navigation and surveillance. Open the publisher source for the complete document, scope, and current status.

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Airbus Safety FirstRelated safety-topic match

Terrain Awareness and Warning Systems operations based on GPS data

Official Airbus Safety First material indexed for navigation and surveillance and human factors. Open the publisher source for the complete document, scope, and current status.

Open official source
Airbus Safety FirstRelated safety-topic match

Wind shear: an invisible enemy to pilots?

Official Airbus Safety First material indexed for weather. Open the publisher source for the complete document, scope, and current status.

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U.S. National Transportation Safety BoardRelated safety-topic match

NTSB Safety Alert SA-013 — Controlled Flight Into Terrain in Visual Conditions

Official U.S. National Transportation Safety Board material indexed for navigation and surveillance. Open the publisher source for the complete document, scope, and current status.

Open official source
U.S. National Transportation Safety BoardRelated safety-topic match

NTSB Safety Alert SA-020 — Reduced Visual References Require Vigilance

Official U.S. National Transportation Safety Board material indexed for aviation safety. Open the publisher source for the complete document, scope, and current status.

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U.S. National Transportation Safety BoardRelated safety-topic match

NTSB Safety Alert SA-033 — Landing at the Wrong Airport

Official U.S. National Transportation Safety Board material indexed for approach and landing. Open the publisher source for the complete document, scope, and current status.

Open official source
EASA

Easy Access Rules for Air Operations — ORO.AOC.130

Official source
EASA / EOFDM

European Operators Flight Data Monitoring forum

Official source
FAA

AC 120-82 — Flight Operational Quality Assurance

Official source
UK CAA

CAP 739 — Flight Data Monitoring

Official source
ICAO

Doc 10000 — Manual on Flight Data Analysis Programmes

Official source